Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning in Animals

Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning in Animals

Important Concepts

• Anticoagulant Rodenticides: Includes warfarin, bromadiolone, brodifacoum.

• Mechanism: Inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, preventing clotting factor production (II, VII, IX, X).

Clinical Changes

• Signs: Lethargy, weakness, epistaxis, hematomas, hematuria, melena, respiratory distress from hemorrhages.

Pathological Changes

• Coagulopathy: Leads to internal and external bleeding, anemia, hypovolemia.

Diagnosis

• Tests: Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), blood tests for clotting factors.

Treatment

• Decontamination: Emesis, activated charcoal.

• Antidote: Vitamin K1 therapy.

• Supportive Care: Fluids, blood transfusions, monitoring coagulation parameters.