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Arsenical toxicosis is a potentially fatal condition in domestic animals resulting from exposure to inorganic or organic arsenic compounds, commonly found in herbicides, pesticides, treated wood, and industrial waste. This condition is most often seen in large animals, particularly cattle, following ingestion of contaminated water or feed.

Bromethalin is a non-anticoagulant neurotoxic rodenticide that causes ATP depletion in CNS tissue, resulting in intramyelinic edema, raised intracranial pressure, and progressive neurologic dysfunction. Dogs are most frequently affected, with cats being highly sensitive. This BCSE-focused note reviews pathophysiology, acute “convulsant” versus chronic “paralytic” clinical syndromes, diagnostic approach, key differentials, and current management strategies for bromethalin poisoning in small animals.

Ergotism is a mycotoxicosis caused by ingestion of ergot alkaloids from Claviceps-contaminated grains and grasses, leading to potent peripheral vasoconstriction and, in many cases, reproductive and lactation dysfunction. Clinically, it presents as distal limb and appendage gangrene, lameness, weight loss, agalactia, and reduced fertility in ruminants. This BCSE-focused note reviews pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and herd-level management strategies for ergotism in food animals.

Ethylene glycol toxicosis is a life-threatening emergency in dogs and cats, commonly caused by ingestion of antifreeze. It is rapidly absorbed and metabolized to toxic organic acids, leading to severe metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, and death if untreated.

Monensin and lasalocid are ionophore antibiotics widely incorporated into ruminant and poultry feeds to improve feed efficiency and control coccidiosis—but they are highly cardiotoxic to horses. Even relatively low accidental concentrations in equine feed can result in acute or subacute myonecrosis, with a particular predilection for cardiac muscle, leading to arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and sudden death.

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