Ergotism in Animals

Ergotism in Animals

Important Concepts

• Ergotism: Caused by ingestion of sclerotia from Claviceps purpurea affecting grains and grasses.

Infectious Agents

• Claviceps purpurea: Produces ergot alkaloids like ergotamine and ergonovine.

Clinical Changes

• Signs: Lameness, necrosis of tail/ears/hooves, poor reproduction, agalactia.

• Species Affected: Cattle, pigs, sheep, and poultry.

Pathological Changes

• Vasoconstriction: Leads to reduced blood flow, thrombosis, and necrosis.

• Gangrene: Affects extremities in cold environments.

Diagnosis

• Feed Analysis: Detecting ergot alkaloids via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Treatment

• Cessation of Exposure: Remove contaminated feed.

• Supportive Care: Provide shade, cooling, warmth, good bedding, and antimicrobial treatment if necessary.

For more details, visit the Merck Veterinary Manual on Ergotism.