EQUINE
Welcome to the Equine NAVLE Notes: Infectious Diseases section on AllVetsLink.
This section provides comprehensive notes on infectious diseases in horses, covering viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections. Dive into key topics such as Equine Influenza, Strangles, Equine Herpesvirus, and more, with detailed information on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Equip yourself with the knowledge you need to excel in the NAVLE exam, focusing on equine infectious diseases.
Notes:
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NAVLE Sample Questions:
Question 1:
A horse presents with acute onset fever, limb edema, lethargy, and petechiae. Blood smear examination reveals intracytoplasmic morulae within neutrophils. Which pathogen is responsible?
A. Babesia caballi
B. Anaplasma phagocytophilum
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. Ehrlichia risticii
Question 2:
Which antibiotic is considered most effective for treating Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis?
A. Doxycycline
B. Gentamicin
C. Oxytetracycline
D. Chloramphenicol
Question 3:
During which seasons does Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis typically peak in prevalence due to tick vector activity?
A. Winter and Spring
B. Spring and Summer
C. Summer and Fall
D. Late Fall, Winter, and Spring
Answer & Explanation
Question 1:
Answer: B. Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Explanation:
Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (EGA) is caused by the rickettsial bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks. Diagnosis is confirmed by identifying morulae within neutrophils on peripheral blood smears.
Question 2:
Answer: C. Oxytetracycline
Explanation:
Oxytetracycline (6.6 mg/kg IV once daily for 5–7 days) is highly effective against Anaplasma phagocytophilum, resolving clinical signs rapidly when administered promptly.
Question 3:
Answer: D. Late Fall, Winter, and Spring
Explanation:
EGA prevalence correlates with peak tick activity of Ixodes spp., commonly observed during late fall, winter, and spring, particularly in endemic regions like California.
