Welcome to the BCSE Anatomy and Physiology -- Test Prep Notes page. 

 

A thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology is essential for success on the Basic Clinical Sciences Examination (BCSE). This section reviews foundational concepts across species, with emphasis on comparative anatomy and physiologic principles relevant to veterinary clinical practice in North America. Expect questions on major organ systems, neuroanatomy, cardiovascular and respiratory physiology, renal and acid-base regulation, reproductive function, and the integration of homeostatic mechanisms.